Nuñez The Meaning, Origin, and Genealogy of the Surname

While Nuà ±ez is a very common last name in Spanish, it has an interesting story—although its not entirely clear what it means. Nuà ±ez is a patronymic surname, meaning it was created by adding letters to the name of a paternal ancestor. Nuà ±ez comes from the given name Nuà ±o and is accompanied by the traditional patronymic suffix -ez. Nuà ±o is of uncertain derivation, although it may be from the Latin nonus, meaning ninth, nunnus, meaning grandfather, or nonnus, meaning chamberlain or squire. Fast Facts on the Nuà ±ez Surname Frequency: Nuà ±ez is the 58th most common Hispanic surname.Surname Origin:  SpanishAlternate Spellings:  Nuà ±es (Portuguese/Galician), Nuà ±o, Nuà ±oz, Nuà ±oo, Neà ±oTo Create a Keyboard à ±/Ñ: On a Windows computer, hold down the alt key while typing 164. For a capital Ñ, its alt and 165. On a Mac, press Option and the n key, then the n key again. For a capital Ñ, hold the shift key while typing the second n. Spelling and Pronunciation While Nuà ±ez is traditionally spelled with the Spanish  Ãƒ ±,  the tilde is not always included when writing out the name. Part of this is due to the fact that English keyboards do not make typing the tilde-accented n easy, so the Latin n is substituted in its place. (Some families simply dropped the accent at some point in time.) Whether it is spelled Nuà ±ez or Nunez, the pronunciation remains the same. The letter à ± signifies a double n letter, which is unique to Spanish. Its pronounced ny just as in  seà ±orita. Famous People Named Nuà ±ez Since Nuà ±ez is such a popular name, you will encounter it often. When it comes to celebrities and well-known people, there are a few who are particularly interesting: Vasco Nuà ±ez de Balboa: Spanish explorer and conquistadorMiguel Nuà ±ez: American actorRafael Nuà ±ez: three-time president of ColombiaSamuel Nuà ±es: Born  Diogo Nuà ±es Ribeiro in Portugal, Samuel Nuà ±es was a physician and  one of the first Jewish  immigrants to the Georgia colony in 1733. Where Do People With the Nuà ±ez Surname Live? According to Public Profiler: World Names, the vast majority of individuals with the Nuà ±ez surname live in Spain, specifically in the Extremadura and Galicia regions. Moderate concentrations also exist in the United States and Argentina, plus small populations in France and Australia. It is also a name commonly found in Mexico and Venezuela. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Nuà ±ez Are you interested in researching your ancestry? Explore these resources targeted specifically to the Nuà ±ez family name. Nuà ±ez Family DNA Project:  Males with the Nuà ±ez or Nuà ±es surname are welcome to join this Y-DNA project. It is geared toward a combination of DNA and traditional genealogy research to explore shared Nuà ±ez heritage.FamilySearch: NUÑEZ Genealogy: Explore over 725,000 historical records and lineage-linked family trees with entries for the Nuà ±ez surname. It is a  free website hosted by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.NUÑEZ Surname Family Mailing Lists:  RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Nuà ±ez surname. The archive of posts is a good research tool if youre tracing your family lineage. Sources Cottle B. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Penguin Books. 1967.Hanks P. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press. 2003.Smith E.C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company. 1997.

Essay on Company Q’s Attitude Toward Social Responsibility

Company Q’s Attitude Toward Social Responsibility Company Q’s current attitude toward social responsibility demonstrates a bias toward the outdated shareholder model, rather than the stakeholder interaction model of corporate governance, as well as a significant lack of concern for the fundamental wellbeing of some of its primary stakeholders. Arguably, however, even the shareholders themselves may ultimately be frustrated in realizing the maximum potential return on their investment in this company due to lost opportunities as a result of Company Q’s poor corporate citizenship and failures to achieve social responsibility. By closing two stores which happen to be in higher-crime-rate areas of the city and justifying these closures†¦show more content†¦Even in the event that no competitor fills the void left by Company Q - simply stating the result in terms of corporate citizenship and without respect to strategic planning - Company Q has potentially contributed to the further economic destabilization of these areas by removing grocery services from communities that need them. This causes further community erosion when those who depend upon such services decide to move out of the affected area, and those who cannot leave end up living in an even more impoverished community than it was before. Company Q also shows a lack of concern for the consumer and the community upon whom they depend for their business by delaying for several years to provide a sufficient variety of healthy alternative and organic products. This is despite many years of requests by customers for such products. Moreover, the decision by Company Q management to ignore requests from the area food bank for donation of day-old products and to throw away valuable resources instead because of concerns about the potential for fraud demonstrates a breakdown in connecting good corporate social responsibility and common sense. Having neglected to identify the obvious philanthropic opportunity that presents itself in offering goods up for charity which canShow MoreRelatedSocial Responsibility And Its Impact On Society1444 Words   |  6 Pageschains, and Company Q is no different. Locally owned and operated businesses are an essential part of today’s society. Too often companies stress the quantity of pr ofits over the quality of products. Not only do these kinds of choices belay negative social responsibility, this type of attitude can damage a growing business’s reputation. 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It appears that the company management has never developed and ethics program that clearly defines the corporate culture including provisions for social responsibility. Profits, or at leastRead MoreEst1 Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesKinikini Student ID: 265037 Business Management Many believe that business entities should have an ethical duty to be socially responsible, to work towards increasing its positive effects on society while decreasing its negative effects. Many organizations look for opportunities to be socially responsible while also creating shareholder wealth. Company Q is a small local grocery store chain located in a major metropolitan area. They have recently closed a couple of stores in higher-crime-rate areasRead MoreEssay on Est1 Company Q942 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Responsibility BUSINESS ETHICS EST1 July 1, 2013 Part A Social responsibility is an important part of business today. Company Q’s current attitude towards social responsibilities seems insensitive. 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Plot of Playboy of Western World Free Essays

string(37) " he split to the knob of his gullet\." Plot Summary. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. It is an autumn evening along the Irish coast in County Mayo. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot of Playboy of Western World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Shawn Keough stops at Michael James Flaherty’s country pub to visit Flaherty’s daughter, Margaret, called Pegeen Mike by her family and friends. Keough, a fat young fellow devoid of wit or talent, means to marry pretty Pegeen, a spirited colleen of twenty who is minding the tavern in her father’s absence. But she entertains no fancy for Shawn. When he pesters her about the â€Å"good bargain† she would have in becoming his wife, she tells him to stop tormenting her while she is doing her job. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Her father enters with Philly Cullen and Jimmy Farrell. They are on their way to Kate Cassidy’s wake. Flaherty and his friends enjoy wakes, which are among the few lively activities in the Mayo countryside, and they generally stay for the whole night to watch the corpse while imbibing spiritous glee. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Pegeen is upset about having to tend the pub alone. After all, who knows what evildoer might steal in from the shadows to set upon her. She complains, â€Å"It’s a queer father’d be leaving me lonesome these twelve hours of dark, and I piling the turf [peat] with the dogs barking, and the calves mooing, and my own teeth rattling with the fear. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. When Flaherty suggests that Keough keep her company, Shawn begs off, saying he would incur the wrath of Father Reilly for staying alone with her the whole night. By and by, a slight young fellow named Christy Mahon stumbles in, tired and dirty, and asks for a glass of porter. When he inquires whether the police frequent the establishment, Michael Fla herty thinks he might be on the run. Flaherty and his friends question Christy. Did he commit larceny? Did he stalk a young girl? Did he fail to pay his rent? Is he a counterfeiter? Does he have three wives? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Christy, who speaks in a wee voice, says he is the son of a well-to-do farmer and therefore has no need of money. And, says he, he is a decent fellow who would never do wrong to a woman. When Flaherty and the others continue to pump Christy, Pegeen comes to his defense: â€Å"You did nothing at all. A soft lad the like of you wouldn’t slit the windpipe of a screeching sow. † But Christy balks at that observation, as if she had accused him of not being man enough to commit a crime. Then he reveals that he is indeed on the run, for he has killed his father, who was â€Å"getting old and crusty, the way I couldn’t put p with him at all. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Flaherty, intrigued, motions for Pegeen to refill Christy’s glass, then asks Christy how he did the deed. Christy says, â€Å"I just riz [raised] the loy [club] and let fall the edge of it on the ridge of his skull, and he went down at my feet like an empty sack, and never let a grunt or groan from hi m at all. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. After he buried him, he hit the road, walking for eleven days, â€Å"facing hog, dog, or divil. . . .† Jimmy Farrell praises him for his bravery, and Pegeen joins in: â€Å"It’s the truth they’re saying, and if I’d that lad in the house, I wouldn’t be fearing the . . . ut-throats, or the walking dead. † Christy Proud †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Christy swells with pride, and Flaherty offers him a job in the tavern. Keough objects, but Pegeen silences him. Christy, feeling safe and welcome, decides to stay at least for the night. Jimmy Farrell says, â€Å"Now, by the grace of God, herself [Pegeen] will be safe this night, with a man killed his father holding danger from the door, and let you come on, Michael James, or they’ll have the best stuff drunk at the wake. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. After Flaherty, Farrell, and Philly Cullen leave, Shawn Keough—jealous—offers to stay with Pegeen, but she pushes him out the door and bolts it. Pegeen now has a brave man, a hero, to protect her, and she and Christy warm to each other, exchanging compliments about their looks and other qualities. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Meanwhile, the Widow Quin, a woman of about thirty, stops by after hearing from Keough about Pegeen’s visitor. Widow Quin is locally famous for reportedly having murdered her husband. Eyeing Christy, she says, â€Å"Well, aren’t you a little smiling fellow? It should have been great and bitter torments did rouse your spirits to a deed of blood. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. She wants to take Christy with her to her place. Pegeen tells Christy that the widow killed her husband â€Å"with a worn pick, and the rusted poison did corrode his blood the way he never overed [got over] it, and died after. That was a sneaky kind of murder did win small glory with the boys itself. † Mrs. Quin retorts that a woman who has buried her children and murdered her husband is a better match for Christy than a girl the like of Pegeen. But Pegeen fends her off, for she is determined to keep Christy for herself. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. In the morning, three village girls—Sara Tansey, Susan Brady, and Honor Blake—come by the tavern with gifts for the brave man that killed his father. Sara has duck eggs, Susan has butter, and Honor has cake. Widow Quin enters after them, saying she has registered Christy in a local athletic competition featuring racing, leaping, and pitching. At the women’s prompting, Christy tells his murder story. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. He first points out that his father tried to make him marry the Widow Casey, a 45-year-old â€Å"walking terror† who weighed 205 pounds, had a bad leg and a blind eye, pursued both young and old men, and suckled him after he was born. When he refused to marry her, his father swung at him with his scythe. â€Å"I gave a lep to the east,† says Christy. Then I turned around with my back to the north, and I hit a blow on the ridge of his skull, laid him stretched out, and he split to the knob of his gullet. You read "Plot of Playboy of Western World" in category "Essay examples" † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Pegeen comes in, well knowing what the women are up to, and chases them off. Later, Shawn Keough comes back, followed by Widow Quin, to tell Pegeen some of her sheep have strayed into a neighbor’s field to eat cabbage. While Pegeen runs off to fetch the sheep, Keough offers Christy a new hat and coat, as well as breeches and ticket to the western states, if he will just go away so that Shawn can resume courting Pegeen. The widow butts in, telling Christy to try the clothes on. He can decide later, she says, whether to accept Keough’s offer. When Christy goes into another room to try them on, Keough tells the widow he thinks that Christy is just dressing up for Pegeen and has no intention to leave. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The widow then offers Shawn a bargain of her own: Shawn must give her his red cow, a ram, the right-of-way across his rye path, and a load of dung at Michaelmas. Shawn not only agrees to her demands but also says he will throw in a wedding ring, a suit for Christy for the wedding day, and various wedding gifts, including two goats for the wedding dinner. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. After Christy comes back out wearing the new clothes, Shawn leaves so the widow can go to work on Christy. But Christy, spying a fearsome sight coming toward the pub, hides behind a door. It is his father, still alive! After old Mahon enters the pub, he asks Mrs. Quin whether she has seen a young man on the run. She tells him hundreds pass by each day to catch the Sligo boat, then asks why he is looking for him. Mahon says, â€Å"I want to destroy him for breaking the head on me with the clout of a loy. (He takes off a big hat, and shows his head in a mass of bandages and plaster, with some pride. It was he did that, and amn’t I a great wonder to think I’ve traced him ten days with that rent in my crown? † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The villain, he says, is his own son. When the widow—who is able to see Christy behind the door—questions old Mahon about his son, Mahon says his son is a good-for-nothing lout who is afraid of women, gets drunk on the mere smell o f liquor, and once required medical treatment for drawing on a pipe of tobacco. He’s â€Å"dark and dirty,† says the old man, â€Å"an ugly young blackguard. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Widow Quin tells him she did see such a young man on his way to catch a steamer. She then gives him directions that send him on a wild-goose chase. After old Mahon leaves, the widow scolds Christy, mildly, for pretending to be the Playboy of the Western World. Then she invites him to marry her and live in her house, where she will protect him from inquiries about whether he committed murder. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Outside, young ladies are calling for Christy. They want to escort him to the sporting competitions. Christy, meanwhile, tells the widow he has his heart set on Pegeen. He would be forever in the widow’s debt if she helped him win Pegeen. The widow says she will if he promises to give her a ram, a load of dung at Michaelmas, and a right-of-way across land. Christy promises to do so. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Later in the day, Jimmy and Philly return from the wake, both tipsy, and enter the tavern. They speculate about how Christy killed his father and buried him, wondering what will happen if someone discovers the old man’s bones. While they are talking, Old Mahon comes in and sits at a table, for he has had no luck finding Christy. Continuing his conversation with Philly, Jimmy says that when he was a boy he found the bones of a man in a graveyard and tried to put them together like a puzzle. What a sight those bones were, Jimmy says—one would never again find the like of them. Overhearing that part of the conversation, old Mahon gets up and shows them his skull, saying, â€Å"Tell me where and when there was another the like of it. † He tells them it was his own son who struck him. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. They are impressed—but unaware that Mahon is Christy’s father. The window Quin comes in again, aghast to see old Mahon. He tells her he had no luck tracking down his son. Mrs. Quin gives him a drink and seats him out of earshot of the others. Then she tells Jimmy and Philly that old Mahon is daft. It was a tinker who split his skull, she says, but the old Man—upon hearing about the local hero, Christy—claims it was Christy who did it. They believe her. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Cheering is heard. Everyone in the tavern looks out the window and sees Christy winning the mule race. When the spectators raise him onto their shoulders, old Mahon identifies him as his good-for-nothing son. Widow Quin pronounces Mahon mad for thinking so, for how could his son—if he is the fool that Mahon says he is—be such a great sportsman and win the admiration of so many people? Mahon admits he has not been himself lately: â€Å"There was one time I seen ten scarlet divils letting on they’d cork my spirit in a gallon can; and one time I seen rats as big as badgers sucking the life blood from the butt of my lug. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The widow tells him he’d best leave, for the lads in the crowd don’t take kindly to madmen. When he goes on his way, Philly goes with him, saying he will give the old fellow some supper and a place to rest, then check to see if he is as mad as the widow says. Meanwhile, with the continuing cheers of the crowd following him, Christy enters the tavern in his jockey’s uniform with Pegeen and other girls. The people present him prizes, including bagpipes and a fiddle. Christy, riding the glory of the moment, asks Pegeen to marry him, and she consents. Michael Flaherty Returns †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Michael Flaherty returns then from the wake and congratulates Christy for his great victory in the race. When Pegeen tells him she plans to marry Christy, her father at first objects. But moments later, when Shawn Keough is afraid to fight Christy for Pegeen, old Flaherty renounces Keough as a coward and welcomes Christy as his daughter’s future husband. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Then old Mahon returns with a club, reveals himself as Christy’s father, and begins beating Christy. The crowd then turns on Christy for posing as a murderer. Even Pegeen condemns him, saying, â€Å"And to think of the coaxing glory we had given him, and he after doing nothing but hitting a soft blow and chasing northward in a sweat of fear. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Christy has only one option—to kill his father again. The two men fight. Christy grabs the club and chases Old Mahon outside. In the center of the crowd, Christy brings down the club. There is a cry, then dead silence. Christy returns to the tavern in a daze. This time the crowd, having witnessed a real murder close up, is horrified at the deed. Pegeen says: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. â€Å"I’ll say, a strange man is a marvel, with his mighty talk; but what’s a squabble in your back-yard, and the blow of a loy, have taught me that there’s a great gap between a gallous story and a dirty deed. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. After the people tie Christy up, he asks Pegeen to release him, but she refuses. Then they burn his leg with sod. A moment later, though, old Mahon—wonder of wonders—comes back from the dead one more time. When he asks Christy why he is tied up, Christy says, â€Å"They’re taking me to the peelers [police] to have me hanged for slaying you. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Old Mahon, who now admires his son for his bravery, unties him and says, â€Å"My son and myself will be going our own way, and we’ll have great times from this out telling stories of the villainy of Mayo, and the fools is here. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Christy willingly goes along but declares that henceforth he will be master of the house. He is a changed man—confident now, self-assured. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Shawn Keough declares that a miracle has been worked in his favor. Now, he says, he can marry Pegeen. She boxes his ears and tells him to go away. Then, throwing a shawl over her head and weeping, she says, â€Å"Oh my grief, I’ve lost him surely. I’ve lost the only Playboy of the Western World. † . Theme: Escaping a Humdrum and Suffocating Life †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Christy Mahon acts to change his life—first by cracking his father’s skull and second by telling a grand tale that endears him to his listeners. Neither action, of course, is how a young man in the real world should go about improving himself. But The Playboy of the Western World takes place in a fanciful world that allows the author to do the implausible and the outrageous. So Christy describes himself as the most admirable of murderers to the rural folk of County Mayo. Ironically, though, Christy really does transform himself in response to the adulation heaped on him. However, his admirers—people hungry for diversion from their humdrum life—do not change; the closest they get to an exciting life is to drink, listen to exciting stories, or attach themselves to a hero, Christy, from the outside. After he returns home, they return to their monotonous life. Climax . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The climax of a play or another literary work, such as a short story or a novel, can be defined as (1) the turning point at which the conflict begins to resolve itself for better or worse, or as (2) the final and most exciting event in a series of events. The climax of The Playboy of the Western World occurs when the local residents discover that Christy’s father is still alive. According to the second definition, the climax occurs when Christy â€Å"kills† his father a second time but reconciles with him after the old man recovers. . Synge’s Style †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Synge was a master at writing lively dialogue laced with exaggeration and colorful imagery. In The Playboy of the Western World, he infuses the speech of his characters with the rich English-language dialect of the Mayo County Irish, a dialect influenced by the syntax and vocabulary of Gaelic—an ancient Celtic tongue of Ireland and Scotland. To learn the intonations and speech patterns of the people of western Ireland, Synge lived several years in the Aran Islands off the Atlantic coast, in Galway Bay. Gaelic and Gaelic-tinged English have been spoken there for centuries. It was not uncommon for Synge to take notes when he heard Aran denizens speaking. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. When writing the dialogue for Playboy, Synge laced it with authentic western-Irish regionalisms and vulgarisms, as well as inflections and rhythms characteristic of western-Irish speech. However, he also peppered the dialogue with words or phrases common in other parts of Ireland. Synge explained his writing scheme in the preface to the play. The preface says, in part: In writing The Playboy of the Western World, as in my other plays, I have used one or two words only that I have not heard among the country people of Ireland, or spoken in my own nursery before I could read the newspapers. A certain number of the phrases I employ I have heard also from herds and fishermen along the coast from Kerry to Mayo, or from beggar-women and balladsingers nearer Dublin; and I am glad to acknowledge how much I owe to the folk imagination of these fine people. Anyone who has lived in real intimacy with the Irish peasantry will know that the wildest sayings and ideas in this play are tame indeed, compared with the fancies one may hear in any little hillside cabin in Geesala, or Carraroe, or Dingle Bay. All art is a collaboration; and there is little doubt that in the happy ages of literature, striking and beautiful phrases were as ready to the story-teller’s or the playwright’s hand, as the rich cloaks and dresses of his time. It is probable that when the Elizabethan dramatist took his ink-horn and sat down to his work he used many phrases that he had just heard, as he sat at dinner, from his mother or his children. In Ireland, those of us who know the people have the same privilege. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. As to the imagery, it relies heavily on vivid metaphors and hyperboles. For example, when Michael Flaherty asks Christy Mahon whether he has committed larceny, Christy replies that he has no need to stoop to thievery, for his father â€Å"could have bought up the whole of your old house a while since, from the butt of his tailpocket, and not have missed the weight of it gone. † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Most of the humor in the play grows out of the dialogue—but not all of it. Synge also relies on situation comedy for humorous effect—having a character hide behind a door or barge in unexpectedly. Old man Mahon pulls off the ultimate surprise—coming back from the dead. In making the transition from one conversation to the next, Synge demonstrates superlative writing skill. Never do the transitions seem forced or contrived; instead, one conversation flows smoothly into the next. The trick is that Synge steers the dialogue in one conversation toward a subject of interest to a person who initiates a new conversation. The theatergoer or reader hardly notices that the author has been tugging at his marionette strings. How to cite Plot of Playboy of Western World, Essay examples

Altruism vs Self Interest free essay sample

Who is the Real Winner? Altruistic acts extend across the whole world, from humans to all different kinds of animals. Soldiers storming the beaches of Normandy for the freedom of our country to Vervet monkeys sounding loud alarms to warn of threats even though it draws a predators attention to themselves (Crowl 1). Altruism and self-interest are inherent motivations in all species and will continue to be forever. Personally, whenever I hold the door for someone it makes me feel good about my self since I was making life that much easier for one of my fellow human beings. While at the same time thoughts float around my mind that make me think about why I held the door. Was it because I really was trying to help out another person or was it because I was looking for the satisfaction from the thank you I would receive from the individual I held the door for. We will write a custom essay sample on Altruism vs Self Interest or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It would bother me for about a minute or so and then I would come to the rationalization that I was just being a nice guy and trying to do the right thing. Call it altruistic or see it as me acting out of self-interest, either way it is just the right thing to do and I cannot beat myself up too much about it. This controversy between self-interest and altruism has gone through many people’s heads at some points, and both Jenner and Darwin had to deal with this topic of discussion during their lifetime and within their own work. Of course it is always nice to get a pat on the back and be recognized for accomplishments one has achieved over a lifetime, but at the end of the day what are our motives to do these generous things and to help others? Edward Jenner was surrounded by medical practices his whole life and eventually took up a career of being a successful family doctor and surgeon. Any job in the medical field requires at least a little bit of altruism since you are actually in the profession of helping others. Jenner did not just stick to practicing his day job, he also started to gain an interest into the origins of smallpox. He came up with the initial theory of, â€Å"The initial source of infection was a disease of horses, called â€Å"the grease†, which was transferred to cows by farm workers, transformed, and then manifested as cowpox â€Å"(Jenner). Even though later on he found out that cowpox did not come from â€Å"the grease† he continued to test his theories trough trial and error until he came up with what he thought to be mmunization of smallpox. Jenner did not have to take all this time and effort out of his life to pursue this global epidemic that was killing 30 percent of whoever contracted it. Only Jenner could possibly know his true motives behind all the hard work he put into smallpox, but to me it is a combination of two things. First, he pretty much grew up in a hospital and was around medical practice his whole life and looked at smallpox as a challenge that had stumped the whole medical community and he was going to be the one to solve the problem. At first glance it seems like he is seeking glory for being the doctor who solved the smallpox epidemic and acting in a very self-interested manner. After further analysis of the situation I realized there was another motive pushing him to eradicate smallpox. He had to be thinking of his four children and the possibility of them contracting the smallpox virus. This most likely gave him thoughts of other kids around the world and how this virus could ruin their childhood and life. Although, it may sound like a stretch, I’m sure this had to of crossed Jenner’s mind once or twice throughout all of his work toward the vaccination of smallpox. What makes me think Jenner did it mostly out of pure altruism and love for helping others is that he did not get to reap the full rewards of saving so many people. He was dead over a hundred years before the World Health Organization declared the virus to be totally eradicated. I’m also sure he did not know that his work saved more lives than the work of any other man in history and no one will out do him anytime soon. So naturally, I would say Jenner acted mostly out of pure altruism and did all of his work for the better of our species. Charles Darwin is best known for establishing the fact that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry and also the idea of natural selection. The theory of natural selection can also be described as â€Å"survival of the fittest† and according to the theory, those individuals with slightly better adaptations throughout time would get more food, be healthier, live longer and most importantly have more sexual mates (Darwin Chapt. ). This would cause the individuals to act out of self-interest and do what ever it takes for themselves to live as long as possible and pass on their genes so they could continue their species. But in nature today we see that it is not totally true because all living things have to act unselfishly sometimes for the better of their whole species survival. This was the biggest dilemma for Darwin himself and he probably recognized it as the greatest challenge to his theory of natural selection he talked about in his book â€Å"The Origin of Species†. I could see Darwin getting very frustrated and worked up over this very idea since it pretty much goes against all of his findings. Organisms acting against their own self-interests, inevitably slimming their chances at reproducing just would not make sense to him. Darwin would argue that such a trait in an organism would eventually die out since those carrying it would be putting themselves at a disadvantage. After some further research, I found that evolutionary forces also act on groups as a whole rather than just individuals. Later research by many scientists have shown how an individual organism may, by reducing its own advantage, increase the survivability of the group and thereby a greater proportion of its own characteristics (Crowl 2). It just shows how far being altruistic goes in all forms of life. Putting others before you is not only the right thing to do but in the end it benefits your species as a whole. Obviously, you have to act in your own self-interest in specific situations but it is always good to balance the two and keep them in equilibrium. And so it goes on, the everlasting debate between acting out of pure self-interest or having an altruistic point of view on life. This argument can get brought up in almost any context and in regard to any human being or any other species on the face of the earth. I picked two of the more famous and interesting people in our history compare and contrast their view on this topic and how it correlated to their life long studies. No matter how much I tried to get inside their minds and understand their motives I could only do it to a certain point. I would think I had a full understanding of why they were doing what they were doing but then another possibility would pop into my head. Analyzing as much as you want but at the end of the day only each individual can truly know their own motives and reasons for their actions.